Phosphorus-free nitrogen-containing catalytic systems for hydroformylation and tandem hydroformylation-based reactions
Abstract
Hydroformylation is an important industrial process applied for the production of many highly-demanded chemicals. For now, only the Co/phosphine, Rh/phosphine, or ligand-free systems are used in industry. Although most of the research dealing with hydroformylation also considers systems with phosphorus-containing ligands or heterogeneous materials, the interest in developing phosphorus-free nitrogen-containing systems tends to grow during the last decade. N-ligands can be easier to synthesize, more stable towards oxidation, and at the same time add some useful features, such as the higher activity in the tandem hydroformylation-based reactions. The review is focused on the progress made in the design of N-ligands for homogeneous and biphasic hydroformylation of unsaturated compounds, as well as N-containing heterogeneous catalysts for the process. In addition, the data on tandem reactions, such as reductive hydroformylation and hydroaminomethylation, are systematized and discussed.
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